---
id: "papers-many-cubed"
type: "paper"
type_label: "Papers and paper collections"
title: "Many Cubed; Solving the Many-to-Many-to-Many Problem for Scalable Reliable Secure Distributed Internet Applications"
maintainer: "Samuel M. Smith"
authors:
  - "Samuel M. Smith"
date: "2017-01-05"
year: 2017
reading_level: "practitioner"
reading_level_label: "Practitioner"
reading_level_meaning: "architects, product people and adopters who know identity systems"
evidence: "informative"
evidence_meaning: "an author's paper, deck, tutorial or post explaining the suite"
status: "quiet"
status_meaning: "no change in six to eighteen months; still correct"
access: "public"
access_meaning: "anyone with the link"
topics:
  - "history"
  - "infrastructure"
roles:
  - "security-architect"
  - "infrastructure-operator"
  - "researcher"
source_url: "https://github.com/SmithSamuelM/Papers/blob/master/whitepapers/ManyCubed.pdf"
source_license: null
source_license_note: null
found_on: "smith-papers"
kerisse_credit: false
abstract_license: "CC BY 4.0"
abstract_license_url: "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
abstract_attribution: "KSKB, the KERISuite Knowledge Base (https://kskb.dev/)"
last_checked: "2026-10-15"
kskb_url: "https://kskb.dev/cards/papers-many-cubed/"
kskb_app_url: "https://kskb.dev/#item/papers-many-cubed"
kskb_record_url: "https://kskb.dev/data/kskb/resources/papers-many-cubed"
kskb_markdown_url: "https://kskb.dev/export/cards/papers-many-cubed.md"
---

# Many Cubed; Solving the Many-to-Many-to-Many Problem for Scalable Reliable Secure Distributed Internet Applications

A 2017 white paper on designing secure, scalable distributed internet applications, arguing they must solve a 'many-to-many-to-many' problem in how components share information, setting out diffuse-trust perimeterless security principles, and proposing routed data flows over the RAET protocol. Predates KERI.

Labels: reading level Practitioner; evidence informative (an author's paper, deck, tutorial or post explaining the suite).
Source: https://github.com/SmithSamuelM/Papers/blob/master/whitepapers/ManyCubed.pdf (license not recorded).
The abstract is KSKB's own text under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/; credit KSKB, the KERISuite Knowledge Base (https://kskb.dev/).