---
id: "kerione-how-sd-jwt-and-acdc-are-similar-and-different"
type: "paper"
type_label: "Papers and paper collections"
title: "How SD-JWT and ACDC are similar and different"
maintainer: "Daniel Hardman"
authors:
  - "Daniel Hardman"
date: null
year: null
reading_level: "practitioner"
reading_level_label: "Practitioner"
reading_level_meaning: "architects, product people and adopters who know identity systems"
evidence: "informative"
evidence_meaning: "an author's paper, deck, tutorial or post explaining the suite"
status: "quiet"
status_meaning: "no change in six to eighteen months; still correct"
access: "public"
access_meaning: "anyone with the link"
topics:
  - "comparisons"
  - "specifications"
roles:
  - "developer"
  - "security-architect"
  - "standards-policy"
  - "communications"
  - "researcher"
source_url: "https://dhh1128.github.io/papers/sdjwt-acdc.html"
source_license: null
source_license_note: null
found_on: "keri-one-resources"
kerisse_credit: false
abstract_license: "CC BY 4.0"
abstract_license_url: "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
abstract_attribution: "KSKB, the KERISuite Knowledge Base (https://kskb.dev/)"
last_checked: "2026-10-14"
kskb_url: "https://kskb.dev/cards/kerione-how-sd-jwt-and-acdc-are-similar-and-different/"
kskb_app_url: "https://kskb.dev/#item/kerione-how-sd-jwt-and-acdc-are-similar-and-different"
kskb_record_url: "https://kskb.dev/data/kskb/resources/kerione-how-sd-jwt-and-acdc-are-similar-and-different"
kskb_markdown_url: "https://kskb.dev/export/cards/kerione-how-sd-jwt-and-acdc-are-similar-and-different.md"
---

# How SD-JWT and ACDC are similar and different

A comparison by Daniel Hardman of SD-JWT (Selective Disclosure for JSON Web Tokens) and ACDC (Authentic Chained Data Containers): what they share, then how they differ in scope, identifiers, signing, chaining, serialization, origins and standards path. The author states that he is not a neutral source. For practitioners choosing a credential format.

Labels: reading level Practitioner; evidence informative (an author's paper, deck, tutorial or post explaining the suite).
Source: https://dhh1128.github.io/papers/sdjwt-acdc.html (license not recorded).
The abstract is KSKB's own text under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/; credit KSKB, the KERISuite Knowledge Base (https://kskb.dev/).